The following categories include optional additional learning resources related to phantom limb pain, post-traumatic stress disorder, substance use, complementary treatments and veterans.
Click the link below each entry to access additional information. Note that material may be subject to individual copyright protections. It is included here for informational purposes only.
Pain
Anatomy and physiology of pain: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK219252/
Gate theory of pain: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4009371/
Nociceptive pain: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK32659/
Neuropathic pain: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1810425/
Pain sensitization: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2750819/
Pain management in veterans: http://www.hsrd.research.va.gov/research_topics/pain.cfm
Phantom limb pain mechanisms: http://www.inifoundation.org/index.php/education/neuroscienceanthology/198-phantom-limb-pain-mechanisms
Trevelyan 2016: Perceptions of phantom limb pain…and its effect on quality of life: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4977953/
Knotkova 2012: Current and future options for the management of phantom limb pain: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3308715/
Pain Assessment Tools
Note that tools may be subject to individual copyright protections. They are included here for informational purposes only.
Unidimensional Pain Assessment Tools:
Numeric pain rating scale: http://www.rehabmeasures.org/PDF%20Library/Numeric%20Pain %20Rating%20Scale%20Instructions.pdf
Faces scale: http://wongbakerfaces.org/
Visual analog scale: https://www.painedu.org/downloads/nipc/pain%20assessment%20s cales.pdf#page=4
Verbal pain intensity scale: http://www.painedu.org/Downloads/NIPC/Pain%20Assessment%20 Scales.pdf#page=5
FLACC scale: http://prc.coh.org/PainNOA/Flacc_Tool.pdf
Multidimensional Pain Assessment Tools:
Brief pain inventory: http://www.npcrc.org/files/news/briefpain_short.pdf
McGill pain questionnaire: https://www.gembeta.org/public/DownloadMeasure.aspx?mid=1348
PADT: https://www.drugabuse.gov/sites/default/files/files/PainAssessment DocumentationTool.pdf
West Haven-Yale MPI: http://www.va.gov/PAINMANAGEMENT/docs/WHYMPI.pdf
PQRST Pain assessment http://www.crozerkeystone.org/healthcareprofessionals/nursing/pqrst-pain-assessment-method/
Substance Use
DSM-5 Criteria for Substance Use Disorders: http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/pdf/10.1176/appi.ajp.2013.12060782
Naloxone: A Brief Overview: https://spark.adobe.com/page/LxeGfguKyOP36/
Substance Abuse Assessment tools: CAGE-AID (adapted to include drugs): http://www.integration.samhsa.gov/images/res/CAGEAID.pdf
Opioid Risk Tool (ORT): http://pcssmat.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Opioid-Risk-Tool.pdf
NIDA Drug Use Screening Tool: https://www.drugabuse.gov/nmassist/
VA/DoD Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of Opioid Therapy for Chronic Pain: https://www.va.gov/PAINMANAGEMENT/docs/CPG_opioidtherapy_fullt ext.pdf
Drug Abuse Screen Test: https://www.integration.samhsa.gov/clinical-practice/sbirt/DAST.pdf
NIDA Drug Use Screening Tool: Quick Screen: https://www.drugabuse.gov/nmassist/
Mental Health
Overview of PTSD: https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/post-traumatic-stressdisorder-basics/index.shtml
Overview of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: Nilamadhab 2011: Cognitive behavioral therapy for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3083990/
Overview of sleep apnea: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/files/docs/resources/sleep/slpaprsk.pdf
STOP BANG tool for sleep apnea: https://www.faa.gov/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/avs/offices/a am/ame/guide/media/STOP%20BANG%20Questionnaire.pdf
Bloom 2009: Evidence-Based Recommendations for the Assessment and Management of Sleep Disorders https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2748127/
Lambiase 2014: Utility of actiwatch sleep monitor to assess waking movement https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24781894
Complementary Treatments
Shekelle 2014: Evidence map of acupuncture http://www.hsrd.research.va.gov/publications/esp/acupuncture.pdf
Young-Dae 2014: Acupuncture for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3580897/
Goyata 2016: Effects from acupuncture in treating anxiety: integrative review https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27355312
Chi-Chuan 2014: Successful treatment of phantom limb pain…in the traumatic amputee https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4145449/
Mirror therapy for phantom limb pain: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3468806/
Mirror Therapy: Patient Selection Criteria: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/papr.12301/full
Veteran-Specific
VA Patient Aligned Care Team (PACT): http://www.visn4.va.gov/VISN4/CEPACT/what_is_pact.asp
VA PACT Care Management Handbook: https://www.va.gov/vhapublications/ViewPublication.asp?pub_ID=2977
Prevalence of PTSD in Veterans: http://www.ptsd.va.gov/professional/PTSD-overview/epidemiologicalfacts-ptsd.asp
Sleep Problems in veterans with PTSD: http://www.ptsd.va.gov/professional/cooccurring/sleep_problems_veterans_ptsd.asp
Gros 2015: Relations between Pain, PTSD Symptoms, and Substance Use in Veterans https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4867497/
Related Websites
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA): https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/media-guide/science-drugabuse-addiction-basics
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH): https://www.nimh.nih.gov/index.shtml
National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR): https://www.ninr.nih.gov/
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA): https://www.va.gov/health/
Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Systems (PROMIS): https://commonfund.nih.gov/promis/index
Patient Aligned Care Team (PACT): http://www.visn4.va.gov/VISN4/CEPACT/what_is_pact.asp