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Charlie is a 17-year-old Caucasian male, accompanied by mother Sarah. He is about to undergo surgical extraction of maxillary third molars. . This case centers on the appropriate prescribing of opioids for post operative dental pain. It describes the role of the pharmacist in identifying suspected opioid misuse, abuse and diversion. Finally the case presents an example of opioid misuse and diversion and the consequences of such misuse.

This module follows Courtney, a now 19-year-old woman who underwent surgery to correct idiopathic scoliosis at 14. It discusses the appropriate approach to the management of pain with adolescents undergoing surgery for idiopathic scoliosis.

Donald Williams is a a 77-year-old veteran with osteoarthritis and an old football injury to his right knee. He has just undergone a right knee total arthroplasty 5 days ago.

CA is a 48-year-old female patient who is status post left total knee replacement arthroplasty under a general anesthetic. Patient controlled analgesia was initiated in the post-anesthesia care unit. After transfer to the regular ward, the patient complains of worsening acute post-surgical pain coupled with chronic pain from inflammatory degenerative joint disease.

Marty James is a 55-year-old African American female with a 10 year history of left knee pain.

This module follows an older adult named Mrs. Smith as you explore the physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms for how acute postoperative pain can lead to chronic pain and relevance to post-thoracotomy pain.

The module follows Mrs. Wright, a 65-year-old woman with a past medical history that includes chronic low back pain, anxiety, hypertension, diabetes and chronic kidney disease.

The module follows Mrs. Wright, a 65-year-old woman with a past medical history that includes chronic low back pain, anxiety, hypertension, diabetes and chronic kidney disease. Mrs. Wright has been admitted to the hospital for repair of a broken ankle. You, the learner, will assist the orthopedic and pain teams with her care.

Pam is a 41-year-old woman diagnosed with breast cancer approximately one year ago. Pam underwent treatment including a bilateral mastectomy and subsequent breast reconstruction. Now she is experiencing pain that she feels should be improving.